Causes of arthrosis of the knee joint

Of the many diseases of the joints, osteoarthrosis is the most common.With the development of this pathology, the patient begins problems with the mobility of the limbs, swelling, inflammation and intense pain syndrome.And when we talk about the causes of the arthrosis of the knee joint in a young age, they can contain many predisposing factors.

General information

In the field of knee joints, the development of deformation processes is called gonarthrosis.The disease is accompanied by degenerative-diarrous phenomena in the hyaline cartilage, which develop at a stage and cause a lot of trouble for the patient.The main signs of the disease are as follows:

1. Pain syndrome.
2. Station of the movers.
3. Inflammation.
4. Edema.

Of the various forms of arthrosis, the damage to the knee joint is considered to be the most common.In most cases, the problem develops in 40 year old women.Young people can also manifest itself in the background of mechanical injuries or colossal stress.For example, professional athletes are the most vulnerable to this pathology.

If you do not take appropriate measures at an early stage of the disease, gonarthosis will become a serious form over time, which will result in irreversible consequences.The size of the joint begins to grow at an incredible rate, the deformation process begins in cartilage and bones, and all physical activity is accompanied by intense pain and discomfort.In the worst case, the patient completely loses the opportunity to move independently.

Many people mistakenly think that arthrosis and arthritis are the same pathologies.However, the first disease is an acute inflammatory reaction, the second - many chronic diseases, degenerative.If the patient has symptoms of both problems, he can be diagnosed with arthroso-arthritis.

Causes of arthrosis of the knee joint

The causes of the disease are very different, so problematic is the only distinction.In most cases, the problem is developed with several provocative factors that cause violations.Modern medicine identifies such mechanisms of arthrosis:

1. Primary.This is a natural process that takes place in the 40 -year -old and explains the aging of body tissues.The primary mechanism of the development of arthrosis also contributes to related factors, including obesity, inheritance or heavy load.
2. Secondary - cover 30% of all diseases.The cause is due to the transmission of mechanical injuries, to the fractures of the lower leg or the fractures of the ligaments.The first symptoms of pathology may occur a few years after damage.However, in the case of serious injuries, this can happen after 2-3 months.

There is another development mechanism that owns 7-8% of the cases of arthrosis.This is: If a 40 -year -old suddenly began running or pursuing professional sports, this could lead to fast dystrophic and degenerative changes.In addition, arthrosis is manifested with simultaneous diseases, including different forms of arthritis, gout and overweight.

The causes of the disease are often associated with intense loads, lifting weights, or frequent rise in steps (especially in old age).Patients with spinal injuries or neurological diseases also fall into the risk zone.

In most cases, muscle cramps on the anterior surface of the thigh is a predisposing factor in gonarthrosis.Because of the appearance of the first pain, the pathology cannot be manifested for a long time, and the only sign of the legs is characterized by the fatigue and severity of the legs.

The stages of development and symptoms

Once you have figured out what appears from the arthrosis of the knee joint, you can begin to study the main symptoms and stages of the disease.According to experts, pathology is characterized by slow progression as negative symptoms increase.Depending on the patient's working capacity, three stages of arthrosis are distinguished:

• First.
• The second.
• The third.

It should be noted that gonarthrosis, of course, has no acute form because it is a chronic degenerative process.As for the term "acute arthrosis", in most cases, it applies to the third stage with weighted symptoms.

The first stage

In the first phase of gonarthrosis of the joint, the circulation of a special fluid that nourishes and lubricates begins to disrupt.Special changes in the structure are not noticed and the cartilage tissue is slightly inflamed.

The initial stage of the formation of arthrosis is accompanied by a slight discomfort and a feeling of stiffness during movement.The patient becomes problematic to climb the steps, to create remote competitions, or to stand on his feet for a long time.Any increased activity leads to the appearance of knee pain.However, with the slightest rest, the pain syndrome is localized and disappeared.

Further progress in the pathology improves pain, but the patient's working capacity is not disturbed in any way.In this regard, the patient continues to lead the usual lifestyle.

In the initial stages, it is not easy to determine the formation of arthrosis.The thing is, people simply do not notice the symptoms and attribute everything to the overtime.

Second and third grades

Initial symptoms and the transition of the pathology can take several months to the second stage.At the same time, the patient can forget the first symptoms for a while and continue to live everyday life.But the progress of degenerative changes has more serious consequences, namely:

• Increased pain at any load.
• Station of the movers.
• Edema.
• Inflammation.

In addition to the symptoms described, there is also a crunch of knee joints, which is explained by violation of the structure.The cartilage tissue becomes thinner and the volume of the synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joint, is significantly reduced.

If the patient has not started treatment in the second phase of arthrosis, this will lead to the third, more dangerous development.This is a very neglected form of pathology in which the joint loses its basic functionality and the patient's working capacity is at risk.

In this case, the content of the synovial fluid in the cartilage tissue will be minimal, the cartilage will lose its previous thickness and the bones will thicken.In the affected area, a lymphatic fluid appears and an inflammatory process begins.

In advanced form, gonarthrosis has such symptoms:

1. Too severe pain syndrome that occurs in any movement.In fact, even if the patient is in a lying or sitting position without activity, he suddenly feels severe pain.
2. The motor skills of the knee joint are greatly limited.
3. The joint experiences many changes, increasing size and deformations.You can pay attention to such consequences with the naked eye.

As for acute pain syndrome in the third stage of arthrosis, it appears spontaneously and is virtually not localized by the analgesics available in pharmacies.In this case, the joint prosthetic is the only way out of the situation.

In particularly complex forms of gonarthrosis, experts distinguish another stage in which the joint bag is destroyed.Unfortunately, there is no effective method for the treatment of pathology in modern medicine, which has changed into 2 and 3 stages.In this regard, doctors recommend help in the clinic in time when the slightest suspicion of gonarthrosis is observed.

Diagnosis

By understanding the causes of gonarthrosis, it is important to know about the correct diagnosis of pathology.After all, it must be able to distinguish it from other diseases that may have similar symptoms.

A comprehensive test is performed to determine the disease, which includes biochemical blood tests, radiography, MRI and ultrasound.It should be noted that at different stages of arthrosis, the blood composition remains almost similar, so any change in norms indicates the presence of another problem.

An accurate diagnosis of this property can be made and only an Xray examination determines the presence of gonarthrosis.The image is clearly illustrated by violations of the structure of the joints and bones and also determines surface defects.

However, despite the high accuracy of the diagnosis, X -Gay cannot study soft tissues, including cartilage and meniscus.Ultrasound, MRI or CT is used as an additional product of the diagnosis.

If you determine the formation of the pathology in time and begins comprehensive treatment, this avoids irreparable consequences and prevents the problem of transition to more serious stages.However, due to the specific course of the disease, many patients do not even think that joint pain, stiffness and other changes are not the result of fatigue after hard work, but a sign of the beginning of degenerative processes.

Treatment methodology

Currently, there are many ways to treat gonarthrosis.They may differ from the principle of action, the list of tasks to be solved, and the individual characteristics.A comprehensive treatment is used for more productive fighting against the disease, the purpose of which is:

1. Localization of pain.
2. Developing mobile features.
3. Improving cartilage tissues and patients as a whole.
4. Confirmation of the muscle structure surrounding the affected joint.

The most common method for treating arthrosis is physiotherapy.This includes a special procedure aimed at strengthening muscle tissue and restoring blood circulation.

In physiotherapy treatment, the patient detects significant improvement in well -being and slowing down degenerative processes.However, it is strictly forbidden to initiate the procedure independently, as inadequately calculated loads can only exacerbate the problem.

You try to get rid of the pain, alleviating swelling and inflammation, many non -steroidal drugs should be used.These include Ibuprofen, ketoprofen, Diclofenac and others.The task of the drugs is to rapidly relieve pain for future productive treatment.

If the use of non -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs does not result, the use of corticosteroids should be used with a more pronounced anti -inflammatory effect.However, it is not recommended to use painkillers for a long time as they only reduce the symptoms, slowing down the tissue recovery process.If the pain has disappeared after any tablet, it is better to deny the drugs.

External funds and surgical intervention

Joint struggle is the causes of joint struggle with various ointments, compressions and creams.And while these drugs do not treat arthrosis, they improve the patient's well and reduce pain.Among the most effective external devices, warming and anti -inflammatory ointments can be distinguished.

By developing the second stage of the disease, the patient can prescribe intra -articular injections of corticosteroids, namely:

• Betamethason.

When selecting the medicine, the patient should be taken into account by the patient.When it comes to corticosteroids, they are able to effectively eliminate pain, but they cannot cope with severe stages of arthrosis.

If the disease is in the final stage, which is considered the most dangerous, surgery will be the only way out.In this case, you should perform the surgical decompression of the joint bag to expand the lumen between the bones and to restore the cartilage surfaces.

It depends on many factors that this approach is effective.Above all, you should take into account the severity of the disease.If this is not the most regrettable, it is to restore the previous mobility of the joints and to get rid of pain.

However, the sore joint may continue to feel, so the patient needs to be seriously reviewed.It is also necessary to pay great attention to physiotherapy exercises, proper nutrition and proper physical activity.

As a prevention, we recommend that you stop consuming salted or spicy foods, alcoholic beverages and cigarettes.Such activities positively affect the condition of the body and save the joint from excess loads.

Comprehensive treatment of arthrosis, according to the above recommendations, is the best way to suspend dangerous pathology and restore the previous functioning of the knee joints.